Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a subset of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) which uses cyclical deposition cycles. Unlike other types of CVD in which reactions are continuous, ALD reactions take place in separate steps so that deposition layers can be controlled more precisely, even to single-atomic layer thicknesses. Whereas other CVD techniques determine layer thickness […]
Aeration describes the process of infusing air or other gases into liquids. Aeration is an important step in various industries, including food and beverage manufacturing, fish farming, and wastewater and soil treatment. Aerating wastewater Aeration is an important step in secondary wastewater treatment. In the activated sludge process, water treatment tanks are carefully monitored for […]
In 2020, the lab-grown diamond market reached 19.3 billion dollars and by 2030 it is projected to reach about 49.9 billion. Lab-grown diamonds are safer, more environmentally friendly, and cheaper to produce than are mined diamonds. The main methods for lab-grown diamond manufacturing are HPHT and CVD. Although HPHT developed prior to CVD, it is […]
Plasma, the 4th state of matter, makes up a remarkable 99% of all mass in the universe, including stars and lightning. Cold plasma, sometimes called non-thermal plasma or non-equilibrium plasma, is a special type of plasma. While other molecular and atomic constituents remain near room temperature, cold plasma is made at ambient conditions when electron […]
SO2, sulfur dioxide, is a very important additive to the winemaking process because of its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Thus, it makes wine fresher, inhibits unwanted growth of bacteria and yeast, and improves wine’s storage length and shelf stability. This makes it important for wine manufacturers to use precise methods for measuring SO2 levels and […]
Controlling CO2 in indoor growing environments is an effective way to improve crop yield. The optimal concentration of CO2 for most plant species is around 1000 PPM. Here, we discuss the use of mass flow control to regulate CO2 levels and improve indoor growing processes. Using CO2 gas to boost indoor plant yields Monitoring and […]
Alicat’s pressure and mass flow controllers have many uses in manufacturing processes, such as leak detection and calibration. In this article, we discuss how Alicat’s CODA mass flow controllers can effectively mitigate challenges faced in slot-die coating applications. Challenge: Mitigating inaccurate layer thickness in slot-die coating Slot-die coating is a reliable and accurate method of […]
Coriolis technology can flow fluids ranging from only hundredths of a gram per hour up to several million kilograms per hour. On the low end, a Coriolis device may be so small that it can fit in the palm of your hand. At higher flows, they may be as large as a washing machine! Alicat’s […]
In non-pressurized systems, various types of pumps can be used to induce liquid movement or flow. However, many of these pumps have limitations in both batch and continuous processes. Gravity pumps must be located below the fluid source and are typically not automated, limiting process configurability and ease of use. Peristaltic pumps induce pulsating flow, […]
In processes operating at extreme conditions, it can be a bit tricky to maintain reliable flow control. The combination of a Coriolis mass flow meter, dual valve pressure controller (PCD), and dome-loaded back pressure regulator (BPR) enables automated flow control under the following conditions: Systems flowing fluids that are aggressive or of unknown composition High […]